In India, hydropower projects with
installed capacity of up to 25 mw are
classified as small hydropower
(SHP) projects and their responsibility is
vested with the Union ministry of new
& renewable energy (MNRE). There is a
sub-classification of SHP projects as
pico, mini, micro, etc (see table). The
estimated potential for power
generation in the country from SHP
projects is 15,380 mw from 5,718
identified sites. Out of this, about half
lies in Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand,
Jammu & Kashmir and Arunachal
Pradesh. The plain regions in
Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka
and Kerala also have sizeable potential.
MNRE has been providing Central
Financial Assistance to state
governments and private sector to set
up SHP plants. The ministry is
also giving support towards survey
and investigation (S&I), preparation
of DPRs, project monitoring, and
also training through Alternate
Hydro Energy Center (AHEC), IITRoorkee
etc.
MNRE is also giving special emphasis
to promote use of new and efficient
designs of water mills for mechanical as
well as electricity generation and setting
up of micro hydro projects for remote
village electrification. These projects are
taken up with the involvement of local
organizations such as the Water Mills
Associations, cooperative societies,
registered NGOs, village energy
cooperatives, and state nodal agencies.
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SHP POTENTIAL & DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA |
| State |
Gross
Potential
(MW) |
Installed
Capacity |
Under
Execution |
Untapped
Potential
(per cent) |
| Karnataka |
747.59 |
871.75 |
126.18 |
--- |
| Himachal Pradesh |
2,267.81 |
466.37 |
106.85 |
74.7 |
| Maharashtra |
732.63 |
281.33 |
7.00 |
60.6 |
| Andhra Pradesh |
560.18 |
192.63 |
62.05 |
54.5 |
| Punjab |
393.23 |
154.50 |
21.15 |
55.3 |
| Uttarakhand |
1,577.44 |
146.82 |
217.25 |
76.9 |
| Kerala |
704.10 |
141.67 |
60.75 |
71.3 |
| Jammu & Kashmir |
1,417.80 |
130.59 |
6.65 |
90.3 |
| Tamil Nadu |
659.51 |
111.69 |
18.00 |
80.3 |
| West Bengal |
396.11 |
98.40 |
84.25 |
53.9 |
| Total for top 10 states |
9,456.40 |
2,595.75 |
710.13 |
65.0 |
| Rest of India |
5,927.75 |
656.40 |
287.67 |
84.1 |
| Total |
15,384.15 |
3,252.15 |
997.80 |
72.4 |
| Source for basic data: MNRE Annual Report, 2011-12 |
The total installed capacity of SHP
projects, as of March 31, 2007 (end of X
Plan) was 1,975 mw. This was achieved
by adding a capacity of 537 mw during
the Plan period. The XI Plan target was
1,400 mw with financial allocation of
Rs.700 crore. The target for the first four
years of the XI Plan was 1,050 mw,
against which 1,066 mw was achieved.
The target for FY12 was 350 mw against
which achievement up to December 31,
2011 was 209.50 mw.
As of December 31, 2011, a total of
864 SHP projects aggregating 3,252 mw
were set up, of which 313 projects
aggregating 1,586 mw were in the
private sector. In addition, 340 projects
of about 997 mw were in various stages
of implementation.
In the XII Plan (FY13 to FY17),
MNRE expects 2,100 mw of new
installed capacity to come from SHP
projects. MNRE has also suggested
practices to improve the pace of
implementation of SHP projects.
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CLASSIFICATION OF HYDROPOWER |
| Plant Capacity |
Type |
| Up to 10 kw |
Pico |
| 10 kw to 100 kw |
Micro |
| 100 kw to 2 mw |
Mini |
| 2 mw to 25 mw |
Small |
| Above 25 mw |
Large |
| Note: 1,000 kw = 1 mw |